According to leading Shia politicians, these measures will not be temporary. With these last-minute measures, the government is reacting to demands from the community and criticism that it has failed to protect Shias from sectarian attacks by the local branch of Daesh. The commemoration will take place this Sunday (1 October 2017). This website contains only information in the public domain that has been verified and disseminated by US Government sources.The Afghan government is arming local civilians and strengthening the police presence across the country to try to protect Shia Muslim places of worship in the run-up to Ashura. The information on this website is valid as of 29 August 2015. Map boundariesīoundary representation is not necessarily authoritative. Islamic and Jewish holidays begin the evening preceding the date shown unless stated otherwise. Islamic dates and holidays are approximate, as they are determined by local lunar observation. Because of lunar observation and differences in time zones, the observance of Islamic holidays and calendar dates may vary from region to region. 1438, 1 Muharram falls on 2 October 2016. For example, 1 Muharram, the first day of Islamic year 1437 (known in the West by the Latin term Anno Hegirae, or A.H.), fell on 14 October 2015 in A.H. Because 12 lunar months multiplied by 29.53 days equals 354.36 days, the Islamic calendar will always be approximately 11 days shorter than the Western (Gregorian) calendar. Each month starts when the lunar crescent is first seen after a new moon. The Islamic year contains 12 months, none of which can exceed 30 days. The Islamic calendar is based on the movement and observation of the moon. We have retained, however, the spellings used on the Rewards for Justice and FBI terrorism sites spellings there are designed for easy recognition or are used in legal documents and therefore do not always conform to these rules. In this system, the letters “u” and “a” are preferred over “o” and “e.” For example, the name of the al-Qa‘ida operative who was detained on 1 March 2003 is Khalid Shaykh Muhammad, not Khalid Sheikh Mohammed he was an associate of Usama Bin Ladin, not Osama Bin Laden. While there is no universally accepted transliteration of Arabic names and terms, this edition of the Counterterrorism Calendar adheres to a transliteration system that is generally used throughout the US Government. The group was designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization on 17 December 2004. It is currently led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, also known as Abu Du’a. ISIL is also known as DA’ESH or DA’ISH, an acronym for its name in Arabic. ISIL members and sympathizers have responded by planning or conducting attacks at an unprecedented pace-at least 37 plots between February 2014 and July 2015. Since September 2014, ISIL’s leadership has issued multiple public calls for attacks against US and Western interests around the world, and the group has made similar calls for attacks in its English-language magazine, Dabiq. ISIL’s vast territorial safe haven in Iraq and Syria, access to Western foreign fighters, and substantial financial resources pose a persistent and growing threat to the United States. It has also continued to attract a large number of foreigners to Iraq and Syria-including thousands of Westerners-to take part in the group’s campaign of violence and help the “caliphate” grow. Since then, ISIL has announced the establishment of eight provinces outside of Iraq and Syria, including in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Algeria, the Caucasus, Egypt, Libya, Saudi Arabia, West Africa, and Yemen. In June 2014, ISIL unilaterally declared the establishment of an Islamic caliphate and called on all Muslims to pledge allegiance to the group. Disputes over the group’s strategic direction in Syria led to conflict and ultimately ISIL’s disavowal by al-Qa‘ida in February 2014, setting the stage for ISIL’s subsequent challenge to al-Qa‘ida for leadership of the global extremist movement. While gaining strength in Iraq, ISIL also expanded its presence in Syria and established al-Nusrah Front as a cover for its activities there.
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